it_is:fmea
Failure mode and effect analysis
FMEA is a method to prioritize and classify failures. In ITIL the problem process can greatly take advantage of using FMEA to classify and prioritize problems. This is done by calculating the RPN value, which is derived from three dimension, severity, occurrence and detection. Problems with highest RPN value should be solved first.
A good explanation of FMEA can also be found here